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Construction of Electric Vehicles

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In general Electric Vehicles are of three types:- 1.    Online Electric Vehicles 2.    Onboard storage type Electric Vehicles 3.    Hybrid Electric Vehicles In Online Electric Vehicles the electric power required by the vehicle is provided by external sources, such as through overhead wire or by rails etc. This method of providing power is generally used in Electric Trains, Trams, etc. The vehicles used for heavy load. O nboard storage type Vehicles have onboard storage of electricity needed to run the vehicles. Such vehicles are made for personal use such as in electric cars. Hybrid Vehicles have both internal combustion as well as electric motor to run the vehicle, such vehicles also possess battery to store electricity and can charge the batteries by the internal combustion engines, such vehicles are made to use as personal vehicles in areas where frequent facility of charging the vehicles is not available.  Construction of Online Electric Vehicles
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Electrical Vehicles

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An  electric vehicle , also called an  EV , uses one or more electric motors or traction motors for propulsion. An electric vehicle may be powered through a collector system by electricity from off- vehicle sources, or may be self-contained with a battery, solar panels or an electric generator to convert fuel to electricity. EVs include, but are not limited to, road and rail vehicles, surface and underwater vessels, electric aircraft and electric spacecraft.  EVs first came into existence in the mid- 19th century, when electricity was among the preferred methods for motor vehicle propulsion, providing a level of comfort and ease of operation that could not be achieved by the gasoline cars of the time. Modern internal combustion engines have been the dominant propulsion method for motor vehicles for almost 100 years, but electric power has remained commonplace in other vehicle types, such as trains and smaller vehicles of all types. In the 21st century, EVs saw a resurgence du
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Lithium-ion Battery

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                           Lithium-ion batteries are common rechargeable batteries for portable electronics, with a high energy density, tiny memory effect and low self-discharge. Lithium-ion batteries are also growing in popularity for military, electric vehicle and aerospace applications. Invention                      Lithium batteries were first proposed by British chemist M Stanley Whittingham, now at Binghamton University, while working for Exxon in the 1970s. He proposed a lithium-titanium disulfide battery, which was discontinued because of the high cost of titanium disulfide also when exposed to air, titanium disulfide reacts to form hydrogen sulfide compounds, which have an unpleasant odor and are toxic to most animals. As well as Batteries with metallic lithium electrodes presented safety issues, as lithium is a highly reactive element; it auto ignites exposed to normal atmospheric conditions because of spontaneous reactions with water and oxygen
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Solenoid Engine

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        Solenoid is a coil wound into a tightly packed helix. In physics,  the term solenoid refers to a coil whose length is substantially greater than its diameter  which produces a uniform magnetic field  in a volume of space   when an electric current  is passed through it .              A  solenoid engines are nothing but engines run on electrical energy instead of chemical energy. Like conventional engines this system also has cylinder, piston. In this system we used Solenoid as cylinder and the made of either of magnetic material or a magnet  but rest parts of this system have to made with non-ferrous materials , to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy.        Solenoid behaves like a magnet when electricity supplied to it. So we will induce the solenoids for piston’s reciprocation.       Solenoid engine is nice concept but  they don’t have any practical use due to the low efficiency in converting electric to mechanical energy, electric motors are far more ef
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